本文介绍如何使用Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python创建自定义路由表。
前提条件
在使用Alibaba Cloud SDK for Python前，您需要完成以下准备工作：
背景信息
本文中的代码示例包含以下操作：
- 在华北3（张家口）地域创建一个VPC。
- 在新建的VPC下创建一个VSwitch。
- 创建一个名为sdk_route_table的自定义路由表。
- 查询新创建的VSwitch。
- 将新创建的路由表与和同一VPC内的VSwitch进行绑定。
- 将新创建的路由表与和同一VPC内的VSwitch进行解绑。
- 删除新创建的自定义路由表。
- 删除新创建的VSwitch。
- 删除新创建的VPC。
操作步骤
- 在下载的SDK目录中，打开$aliyun-openapi-python-sdk-examples\sdk_examples\examples\vpc文件夹。
- 使用代码编辑工具打开vpc_route_table.py文件，根据实际情况配置相关参数，保存退出。
完整代码示例如下：
#encoding=utf-8
import sys
import json
import time
from aliyunsdkcore.acs_exception.exceptions import ServerException, ClientException
from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import CreateRouteEntryRequest
from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import DeleteRouteEntryRequest
from aliyunsdkvpc.request.v20160428 import DescribeRouteTablesRequest
from sdk_lib.exception import ExceptionHandler
from sdk_lib.check_status import CheckStatus
from sdk_lib.common_util import CommonUtil
from sdk_lib.sdk_vswitch import VSwitch
from sdk_lib.sdk_route_table import RouteTable
from sdk_lib.consts import *
class RouteEntry(object):
def __init__(self, client):
self.client = client
def create_route_entry(self, params):
"""
create_route_entry: 创建route_entry路由条目
"""
try:
request = CreateRouteEntryRequest.CreateRouteEntryRequest()
# 路由表ID
request.set_RouteTableId(params['route_table_id'])
# 自定义路由条目的目标网段
request.set_DestinationCidrBlock(params['destination_cidr_block'])
# 下一跳的类型
request.set_NextHopType(params['nexthop_type'])
# 下一跳实例的ID
request.set_NextHopId(params['nexthop_id'])
response = self.client.do_action_with_exception(request)
response_json = json.loads(response)
# 判断router entry状态是否可用
if CheckStatus.check_status(TIME_DEFAULT_OUT, DEFAULT_TIME,
self.describe_route_entry_status,
AVAILABLE, params['route_table_id']):
return response_json
except ServerException as e:
ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e)
except ClientException as e:
ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e)
def delete_route_entry(self, params):
"""
delete_route_entry: 删除route_entry路由条目
"""
try:
request = DeleteRouteEntryRequest.DeleteRouteEntryRequest()
# 路由条目所在的路由表的ID
request.set_RouteTableId(params['route_table_id'])
# 路由条目的目标网段
request.set_DestinationCidrBlock(params['destination_cidr_block'])
# 下一跳实例的ID
request.set_NextHopId(params['nexthop_id'])
response = self.client.do_action_with_exception(request)
response_json = json.loads(response)
time.sleep(DEFAULT_TIME)
return response_json
except ServerException as e:
ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e)
except ClientException as e:
ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e)
def describe_route_entry_vrouter(self, params):
"""
describe_route_entry_vrouter: 查询route_entry路由条目
"""
try:
request = DescribeRouteTablesRequest.DescribeRouteTablesRequest()
# 路由表所属的VPC路由器或边界路由器的ID
request.set_VRouterId(params['vrouter_id'])
# 路由表的ID
request.set_RouteTableId(params['route_table_id'])
response = self.client.do_action_with_exception(request)
response_json = json.loads(response)
return response_json
except ServerException as e:
ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e)
except ClientException as e:
ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e)
def describe_route_entry(self, route_table_id):
"""
describe_route_entry: 查询route_entry路由条目
"""
try:
request = DescribeRouteTablesRequest.DescribeRouteTablesRequest()
request.set_RouteTableId(route_table_id)
response = self.client.do_action_with_exception(request)
response_json = json.loads(response)
return response_json
except ServerException as e:
ExceptionHandler.server_exception(e)
except ClientException as e:
ExceptionHandler.client_exception(e)
def describe_route_entry_status(self, route_table_id):
"""
describe_route_entry_status: 查询route_entry路由条目当前状态
"""
response = self.describe_route_entry(route_table_id)
return response["RouteTables"]["RouteTable"][0]["RouteEntrys"]["RouteEntry"][0]["Status"]
def main():
#client参数配置
client = AcsClient(
'<your-access-key-id>',
'<your-access-key-secret>',
'<your-region-id>')
vswitch = VSwitch(client)
route_table = RouteTable(client)
route_entry = RouteEntry(client)
params = {}
params['route_table_name'] = "sdk_route_table"
params['destination_cidr_block'] = "0.0.0.0/0"
params['nexthop_id'] = "i-xxx"
params['nexthop_type'] = "Instance"
params['vpc_id'] = "vpc-xxx"
params['vswitch_id'] = "vsw-xxx"
#创建route table
route_table_json = route_table.create_route_table(params)
CommonUtil.log("create_route_table", route_table_json)
#查询vswitch
vswitch_json = vswitch.describe_vswitch_attribute(params)
CommonUtil.log("describe_vswitch_attribute", vswitch_json)
#route table绑定vswitch
params['route_table_id'] = route_table_json['RouteTableId']
associate_json = route_table.associate_route_table(params)
CommonUtil.log("associate_route_table", associate_json)
#创建路由条目
create_route_entry_json = route_entry.create_route_entry(params)
CommonUtil.log("create_route_entry", create_route_entry_json)
#删除路由条目
delete_route_entry_json = route_entry.delete_route_entry(params)
CommonUtil.log("delete_route_entry", delete_route_entry_json)
#route table解绑vswitch
unassociate_json = route_table.unassociate_route_table(params)
CommonUtil.log("unassociate_route_table", unassociate_json)
#删除route table
delete_route_table_json = route_table.delete_route_table(params)
CommonUtil.log("delete_route_table", delete_route_table_json)
if __name__ == "__main__":
sys.exit(main())
- 进入vpc_route_table.py所在的目录，执行如下命令，运行创建自定义路由表示例。
python vpc_route_table.py
执行结果
系统回显结果如下：
---------------------------create_vpc---------------------------
{
"ResourceGroupId": "rg-acfmxazxxxxxxxx",
"RouteTableId": "vtb-8vb65a5hqy8pcxxxxxxxx",
"VRouterId": "vrt-8vbbbiftzizc3xxxxxxxx",
"VpcId": "vpc-8vbebihln001gxxxxxxxx",
"RequestId": "862F279B-4A27-4300-87A1-047FB9961AF2"
}
---------------------------create_vswitch---------------------------
{
"VSwitchId": "vsw-8vb30klhn2is5xxxxxxxx",
"RequestId": "1DA17173-CB61-4DCE-9C29-AABFDF3001A6"
}
---------------------------create_route_table---------------------------
{
"RouteTableId": "vtb-8vbc4iwpo13apxxxxxxxx",
"RequestId": "01E66E67-7801-4705-A02A-853BA7EEA89F"
}
---------------------------describe_vswitch_attribute---------------------------
{
"Status": "Available",
"NetworkAclId": "",
"VpcId": "vpc-8vbebihln001gxxxxxxxx",
"Description": "",
"RouteTable": {
"RouteTableId": "vtb-8vb65a5hqy8pcxxxxxxxx",
"RouteTableType": "System"
},
"CidrBlock": "172.16.0.0/16",
"CreationTime": "2019-04-12T03:08:43Z",
"CloudResources": {
"CloudResourceSetType": []
},
"ZoneId": "cn-zhangjiakou-b",
"ResourceGroupId": "rg-acfmxazbxxxxxxxx",
"VSwitchId": "vsw-8vb30klhn2is5xxxxxxxx",
"RequestId": "C5A20BA3-E998-498D-8900-35AE5FDFFB77",
"Ipv6CidrBlock": "",
"VSwitchName": "",
"AvailableIpAddressCount": 252,
"IsDefault": false
}
---------------------------associate_route_table---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "5FC0143B-D34B-47DC-8D49-AFD222EA5876"
}
---------------------------unassociate_route_table---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "F0194718-6E4C-496C-9DA8-1B88DF1D6FAD"
}
---------------------------delete_route_table---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "B5C068A6-137C-4337-8E3A-9E30E1726703"
}
---------------------------delete_vswitch---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "26DEDBF8-2F0D-4A13-8CB3-23A84C947704"
}
---------------------------delete_vpc---------------------------
{
"RequestId": "E1B2641F-5911-40E4-9F36-CC0B2EDD1747"
}
